```from pathlib import Path
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```Path
```cwd = Path.cwd() cwd
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{:.output_data_text}
PosixPath(‘/content’)
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```type(cwd)
what’s in the directory?
use the function iterdir() to see all the contents of a directory
```import shutil for subfolder in [‘my_folder’, ‘blah’]: try: shutil.rmtree(str(cwd / subfolder)) except: pass
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```for item in cwd.iterdir():
print(item)
create a subdirectory
```my_folder = cwd / ‘my_folder’
if not my_folder.exists(): my_folder.mkdir()
print(my_folder)
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{:.output_stream}
/content/my_folder
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```my_folder.exists()
create a file in a directory
```my_file = my_folder / ‘my_file.txt’ my_file.touch() print(my_file)
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{:.output_stream}
/content/my_folder/my_file.txt
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# one-shot write/read content to file
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```my_file.write_text('hello!')
my_file.read_text()
parent folder
```print(my_file.parent, type(my_file.parent)) print(my_file)
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{:.output_stream}
/content/my_folder <class ‘pathlib.PosixPath’> /content/my_folder/my_file.txt
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# filename without the path of the parent folder
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```my_file.name
just the extension / suffix
filename without extension
new file name
```my_file1 = my_file.with_name(my_file.stem + ‘-1’ + my_file.suffix) print(my_file1)
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{:.output_stream}
/content/my_folder/my_file-1.txt
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# does file exist?
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```print(my_file, '\t exists?', my_file.exists())
print(my_file1, '\t exists?', my_file1.exists())
copy file
```import shutil
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```my_file.read_text()
shutil.copyfile(src=my_file, dst=my_file1)
print(my_file1, '\t exists?', my_file1.exists())
my_file1.read_text()
globbing
globbing means searching for files with wildcards ? or *
```# lets create a csv file my_csv = my_folder / ‘my_data.csv’ my_csv.write_text(‘1, 2, 3, 4’) print(my_csv) print(my_csv.read_text())
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{:.output_stream}
/content/my_folder/my_data.csv 1, 2, 3, 4
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...
now we can search for the files with wildcards!
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```for item in my_folder.glob('*.txt'):
print(item)
```for item in my_folder.glob(‘*.csv’): print(item)
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{:.output_stream}
/content/my_folder/my_data.csv
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# copy folder
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```my_other_folder = cwd / 'my_other_folder'
if my_other_folder.exists():
shutil.rmtree(my_other_folder)
shutil.copytree(src=my_folder, dst=my_other_folder)
recursively walk a folder
```import os
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```for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(cwd):
print(dirpath)
print('files: -->', filenames)
print('subdirectories: -->', dirnames)
print()
rename directory
```blah_folder = my_other_folder.with_name(‘blah’)
rename cannot rename a directory, because it is not empty
my_other_folder.rename(blah_folder)
use shutil.move instead
shutil.move(src=str(my_other_folder), dst=str(blah_folder))
for item in blah_folder.parent.iterdir(): print(item)
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{:.output_traceback_line}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-1-ab0196c931a7> in <module>()
----> 1 blah_folder = my_other_folder.with_name('blah')
2
3 # rename cannot rename a directory, because it is not empty
4 ### my_other_folder.rename(blah_folder)
5
NameError: name 'my_other_folder' is not defined
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# relative directory
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```# '.' is current directory
print(Path('.').resolve())
# appending /. just still means the same directory
print( (my_folder / '.').resolve() )
```# ‘..’ means parent directory print(Path(‘..’).resolve())
appending /.. means the parent directory of the given directory
print( (my_folder / ‘..’).resolve() )
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{:.output_stream}
/ /content /content/my_folder/..
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```# you can use .. to walk up in a directory
print( (my_folder / '..' / 'my_folder' / '..' / '.' / 'my_folder' / '..' / 'my_folder').resolve() )